中国-东盟海岸带景观格局时空演变特征研究

On Spatial and Temporal Evolution of Landscape Pattern in China-ASEAN Coastal Zone

以中国广西北部湾与东盟沿海国家离海岸线向陆侧延伸10km为研究区,基于2000年Landsat TM5、Landsat TM7与2015年Landsat TM7、Landsat TM8遥感影像,在遥感和GIS技术支持下,建立了中国-东盟海岸带景观格局类型空间数据库。运用景观类型变化表征模型与景观格局指数方法,对近15年来研究区景观格局变化时空动态特征进行了定量分析。研究结果表明:中国东盟海岸带景观格局发生了较大的变化。林地面积大幅减少,而耕地与建设用地则大幅增加,呈快速扩张的态势;其中林地净转出面积为64 580.58km2,耕地转入面积达到53 257.22km2,建设用地转入面积达到15 166.12km2。景观水平尺度方面,整个景观类型向多样化发展,景观的异质性增强,景观格局呈破碎化趋势。景观格局变化的主要驱动力为社会经济发展与政策调整。

By taking the Gulf of Guangxi and Northern Chinese ASEAN coastal countries from the coastline landward side stretching 10 kilometers as the study area,and based on the Landsat TM5,Landsat TM7 of 2000 and the Landsat TM7,Landsat TM8 of 2015 remote sensing images,plus the support of remote sensing and GIS technology,the China-ASEAN coastal landscape pattern spatial database was set up.Using the characterization model and landscape index method of landscape change,the last 15 years of the landscape pattern changes of temporal and spatial dynamic characteristics were analyzed.The results show that:China-ASEAN Coastal landscape pattern has changed greatly.The woodland area is significantly reduced,and the cultivated land and construction land have been increasing significantly,showing a trend of rapid expansion:(1)The net transfer-out forest land area is 64 580.58 km,transfer-in area of cultivated land is 53 257.22 km,transfer-in area of construction land is 15 166.12 km.(2)With regard to scale landscape level,the landscape pattern develops towards the direction of diversification.Landscape heterogeneity increases with a deeper level of landscape fragmentation.The landscape pattern changes due to the main driving force of social economic development and policy adjustments.