中国与新亚欧大陆桥沿线国家农产品贸易特征——“一带一路”背景下的分析

Study on Trade Characteristics of Agricultural Products between China and The New Eurasian Continental Bridge——Analysis of the Belt and Road Background

基于"一带一路"战略背景,运用1995—2015年UN Comtrade数据库农产品贸易数据,从贸易规模与结构、产业内贸易、出口集中度、贸易密切程度、互补性和竞争性等方面探讨中国与新亚欧大陆桥沿线国家农产品贸易特征。结果表明:中国与沿线国家农产品贸易规模不断扩大;贸易形式主要以产业间贸易为主,产业内贸易水平正在提高,中国与北线和中线沿线国家农产品产业内贸易以垂直型为主,中国与南线沿线国家农产品产业内贸易以水平型为主;中国对沿线国家农产品出口均朝着多样化方向发展;与沿线国家农产品贸易紧密度尽管不高,但正在逐步增强;中国农产品出口比较优势虽较弱,但进口比较劣势并不明显;与沿线国家在某些农产品上互补性较强;中国出口农产品与沿线国家出口农产品竞争性不强;中国与中线沿线国家农产品贸易紧密度最高、互补性最强,而与南线沿线国家竞争性最强,贸易潜力有待于进一步挖掘。

This paper analyzed the characteristics of agricultural products trade between China and the new Eurasian Continental Bridge using 1995-2015 trade data of UN Comtrade database from the aspects of trade scale and structure,intra industry trade,export concentration,trade closeness,complementarity and competitiveness,etc. The results show that the size of agricultural products trade between China and the countries along the route was expanding. Agricultural products trade was mainly inter industry trade. Intra industry trade level was improving. Intra industry trade of agricultural product was mainly vertical between China and the countries along the northern and central lines. Agricultural product trade was mainly horizontal intra industry trade between China and the countries along the south lines. Agricultural products of China export to the countries along the lines continue to diversify. Although the degree of trade in agricultural products between China and the countries along the border was not high,it was gradually increasing. The comparative advantage of agricultural products which China exports was weak,but the disadvantage of imports was not obvious. There was strong complementarity between China and the countries along the route in some agricultural products. The competition was not strong between China and the countries along the route export products. The tightness and complementarity between China and the countries along the south lines were the strongest.