残障大学生的学业支持研究:基于“理想类型”视角

The Research on Academic Support for Disabled College Students:A Perspective of the “Ideal Type”

文章旨在澄清残障大学生学业支持的概念,以"理想类型"为观照,构建残障大学生的学业支持体系。在实际的社会过程中,通过对28个政策法规文本资料的分析,发现了主体为残障大学生提供的学业支持;对16名残障大学生的访谈资料进行分析,发现了客体对主体所提供的学业支持内容及程度的感知,客体感知其学业支持存在的问题和影响因素,客体实际所接受的学业支持。残障大学生的学业支持在"理想类型"与"实际的社会过程"之间必然存在一定的相似性与差异性,通过理想类型与实际的社会过程之间差距的比较分析,对构建适切的残障大学生学业支持体系提供理论依据和现实参考。

The purpose of this study is to clarify the concept of academic support for disabled college students.Based on the ＂ideal type＂,it attempts to construct academic support for the disabled college students. In the actual social process,analysis of the text of 28 policies and regulations shows that ＂the subject provides academic support for the disabled college students＂. Analysis of the interview data of 16 disabled college students reveals that ＂the object perceives the content and extent of academic support for the disabled college students provided by the subject＂,that ＂the object perceives the problems and influencing factors of the academic support for the disabled college students＂,and that＂the object accepts the actual academic support＂. There definitely exist certain similarities and differences between the ＂ideal type＂and ＂actual social process＂of the academic support for the disabled college students. By comparing the ＂ideal type＂with the ＂actual social process＂,this paper tries to provide theoretical basis and practical reference for the construction of an appropriate academic support system for the disabled college students.