全球导航卫星系统反射测量(GNSS+R)最新进展与应用前景

New Progress and Application Prospects of Global Navigation Satellite System Reflectometry (GNSS+R)

全球导航卫星系统(GNSS)具有全天候、近实时、高精度的特点,可持续发射L波段信号,广泛应用于定位、导航和授时(PNT)。随着GNSS技术的发展,最近GNSS反射信号可探测地球表面特征,即GNSS反射测量(GNSS+R)。结合GNSS接收机天线位置和介质信息,利用延迟测量值可以确定表面粗糙度和表面特性。GNSS+R作为当前GNSS和遥感领域的研究热点,取得了一些研究进展和成果。本文详细介绍了GNSS+R原理和方法及其最新应用进展,包括各种GNSS+R技术手段和方法,以及海洋、陆地、水文、植被和冰雪等遥感应用,特别是最新BeiDou-R和TDS-1研究进展。最后给出了GNSS+R应用前景和展望,包括多GNSS系统、GNSS+R接收机、GNSS+R卫星计划和新兴应用等。

The Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS)has the characteristics with all-weather,near realtime and high precision observations.It can transmit L band signals continuously,which has been widely used in positioning,navigation and timing(PNT).With the development of GNSS technology,recently GNSS reflected signals can be used to detect Earth's surface characteristics,i.e.,GNSS reflectometry(GNSS+R).Combined with GNSS receiver antenna position and medium information,surface roughness and characteristics can be determined by using delay measurements.As a hotspot in GNSS and remote sensing field,GNSS+R has achieved a number of progress and results.In this paper,the principles and methods of GNSS+R are presented as well as their latest advances,including various techniques,methods and remote sensing applications in the ocean,land,hydrological,vegetation and ice and snow,especially the latest progresses in BeiDou-R and TDS-1 GNSS+R.Finally,the future applications and prospective of GNSS+R are given,including multi-GNSS system,new GNSS-R receivers,GNSS+R missions and emerging applications.