从量词看苗汉两种语言的关系

Looking at the Relation of Miao Language and Han Language from the Classifier

“名物量词”在各种语言中的产生、发展规律不尽一致。因此 ,透过“名物量词”探查两种语言的源流 ,不失为一条可行的途径。从苗汉两种语言量词的统计材料中 ,可以看到两种语言量词的兴起和发展过程。湘西苗语的量词与同时代汉语的量词相比 ,在数量上没有汉语的多 ,在范围上没有汉语的宽。各个历史时期 ,湘西苗语都从汉语借用一批词语 ,相应的汉语量词就跟着进入苗语了。从量词的起源和发展来看 ,苗语深受汉语的影响 ,但是很难说苗汉两种语言出于同一母语。

The rule of generation and development about“substance classifier”in all kinds of languages is not unanimous,so it is a feasible way to probe into the origin and development of two languages through “substance classifier”.According to the statistical material about the classifier of Miao language,we could find the process of upsurge and development.Compared the classifier of Miao language in West Xiang with Han language in the same age,we could find that the amount of Han language is more and the range is wide.In different historical period,Miao language in West Xiang borrow a lot of words from Han language,and corresponding classifier of Han language enter into Miaos.From the origin and development of classifier,Miao language is affected heavily by Han language,but it is difficult to say that there are two languages comes out of the same linguistic parent. [