袁枚性灵说的重估与批判

The Revaluation and Criticism of Yuan Mei's “Ingenuity”

《随园诗话》是清代少数几种篇幅超长且代表一种学派的诗话。"性灵"说作为《随园诗话》的核心,在于它以性灵开启形形色色学人以各种学问对性情的遮蔽。袁枚以为诗者在于以性灵直达妙境。从创作主体来说,天分、天缘、天悟是诗的缘发与妙成之路和成功之因。带着这个理论构想,袁枚对当时诗坛唐宋诗之争表明了自己的看法,指出唐宋诗之争是无益的。袁枚此论当然是其倡性灵说的逻辑结果,但他的弱点在于看不到唐宋诗之争的理论意义,同时又由于他架空内涵来谈性灵,也看不到宋诗及于己的价值,因而在两个方面均显得空洞。

Sui-Yuan Poetic Criticism, written by Yuan Mei, was one of the few monographs that could represent a poetic school in Qing Dynasty. Ingenuity is the core idea of the book, revealing the nature of creation, stressing its enlightening importance. The approach to the creation of poetry is the natural intuition, revelation and inspiration. Yuan made his comments on the dispute over poetry of Tang and Song Dynasties. However, he has neglected the theoretical significance of the dispute and the value of poetry of Song Dynasty.