苦荞麦籽粒的物理学特性研究

Physical characteristics of tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum (L.) Gaertn) seeds

为了解苦荞麦籽粒的物理学特性,检测了不同生产地5个苦荞麦品种的10个物理学特性。结果表明:籽含水率11.5%~13.9%,籽粒度2.6~3.0mm、3.0~3.4mm和3.4~3.8mm的分级比率之和为88%~94%,仁色泽L~*、a~*和b~*值分别为籽的1.2~2.8倍、1.4~2.5倍和1.8~10.9倍,籽千粒重17.0~21.8g,籽和仁体积质量分别为627~689kg/m^3和725~760kg/m^3,籽、壳和仁密度分别为1.10~1.18g/cm^3、0.66~0.71g/cm^3和1.24~1.33g/cm^3,壳和仁占籽质量比率分别为26.3%~30.6%和69.4%~73.7%,壳厚度0.09~0.13mm,壳仁间隙0.037~0.053mm,仁硬度0.92~1.06kg,这些物理学特性参数可用于苦荞麦脱壳加工设备与技术研发;这10个物理学特性在不同生产地苦荞麦品种间均有显著性差异,揭示了不同苦荞麦原料脱壳加工生产工艺调整的必要性。

To investigate the physical characteristics of tartary buckwheat（Fagopyrum tataricum（L.）Gaertn）seeds,ten physical characteristics of five tartary buckwheat cultivars from different production areas was tested.The results showed that：seed moisture percentage was 11.5%-13.9%;sum of the grading percentage of seed granularity 2.6-3.0 mm,3.0-3.4 mm and3.4-3.8 mm was 88%-94%;color values of L-＊,a-＊and b-＊of kernels were about 1.2-2.8 times,1.4-2.5 times and1.8-10.9 times higher than those of seeds,respectively;thousand grain weight of seed was 17.0-21.8 g;volume weight of seed and kernel were 627-689 kg/m^3 and 725-760 kg/m^3;specific weight of seed,shell and kernel were about 1.10-1.18 g/cm^3,0.66-0.71 g/cm^3 and 1.24-1.33 g/cm^3,respectively;weight percentage of shell and kernel accounted for seed was 26.3%^30.6% and 69.4%-73.7%;seed shell thickness was about 0.09-0.13 mm;clearance between shell and kernel of seeds was about 0.037-0.053 mm;seed kernel hardness was about 0.92-1.06 kg.These physical characteristic parameters can be used for tartary buckwheat shelling equipment,and technology research and development.The ten physical characteristics of the tartary buckwheat cultivars from different production areas was significantly different,revealed the necessity of production process adjustment in the different tartary buckwheat raw material shelling.