不同运动习惯对大学生中医体质的影响

Relationship of exercise and traditional Chinese medicine constitution of university students

[目的]探索不同运动习惯对大学生中医体质的影响。[方法]使用自行设计的背景调查问卷和《中医体质量表》,对北京市2所大学的在校大学生进行问卷调查,获得有效数据235例;数据分析运用单因素分析和多因素回归模型,设定P<0.05为有统计学意义。[结果]1)运动组平和质得分高于不运动组,偏颇体质得分低于不运动组,但无统计学显著差异。女性大学生运动组与不运动组的血瘀质得分(P<0.05)有统计学意义。2)对女性大学生运动习惯与体质进行单因素分析结果显示,平和质得分受到平均每日运动时间(P<0.05)、坚持年限(β=3.158,P=0.047)的影响;气虚质得分受到平均每日运动时间(P<0.05)影响;血瘀质得分受到平均每日运动时间(P<0.05)、运动项目(P<0.05)、坚持年限(P<0.05)的影响;气郁质得分受到平均每日运动时间(P<0.05)和运动年限(P<0.05)的影响。多因素回归分析结果显示:平均每日运动时间显著影响平和质得分(P<0.05)、气虚质得分(P<0.05);运动项目显著影响血瘀质得分(P<0.05);运动年限显著影响气郁质得分(P<0.05)。[结论]运动对女性大学生中医体质的影响高于男性。平均每日运动时间可以改善女性大学生平和质、气虚质、血瘀质、气郁质得分,不同运动项目可以改善血瘀质得分,坚持运动年限越长对平和质、血瘀质、气郁质的促进作用越好。

[Objective] To explore how doing exercise influences traditional Chinese medicine （ TCM） constitution of university students. [Methods] Take students of 2 Universities of Beijing as sample, by finish the basic information questionnaire and Chinese medical constitution questionnaire to investigate their habit of exercise and TCM constitution type. Using 235 valid data, set P〈0.05 as statistically significant, using t- test, single factor analysis and the multiple regression to check whether there is a relationship between excising and TCM constitution type. [Results] 1） Exercise group gentleness type scores higher than no exercise group, and their 8 biased type’s scores lower than no exercise group, but there is no statistically significant. Among the female students, there was statistically significant in gentleness type, qi deficiency type, blood-stasis type and qi depression type between exercise group and no exercise group. 2） For female students, the results of single factor analysis showed that, the score of gentleness type was affected by the average daily movement time （ P〈0.05）, the year of exercise （ P〈0.05）; qi deficiency type score was influenced by the average daily movement time （ P〈0.05）; blood-stasis type score was affected by the average daily movement time （ P〈0.05）, the kind of sports （ P〈0.05）, and the year of exercise （ P〈0.05）. Qi depression type score was affected by the average daily movement time （ P〈0.05） and the year of exercising （ P〈0.05）. Multiple factors regression analysis results showed that the average daily exercise time significantly affected gentleness type score （ P〈0.05）, qi deficiency type score （ P〈0.05）. The kind of sports significantly influence blood-stasis type score （ P〈0.05）. Qi depression type score was affected by the year of exercising （P 〈0.05）. [Conclusion] Exercising has more affects on female students than male students. The average daily exercise time does positive on gentleness type and qi deficiency type, blood-stasis type and qi depression type. Different kind of sports influences blood-stasis type. The year of exercise does good effects on gentleness type, blood-stasis type, qi depression type.