穴盘苗与裸根苗生长及根系特性研究

Research on Growth and Root System Characteristics of Plug Seedlings and Bare-rooted Seedlings

长期以来,在华北地区广泛使用针叶树造林,造成人工林群落物种多样性低、结构简单、森林火灾和病虫害频发。使用乡土珍贵阔叶树造林,不仅可以维护森林稳定性,而且可以提升经济效益。笔者将不同树种的穴盘苗与裸根苗进行对比、不同种源辽东栎裸根苗进行对比。结果表明,4个树种穴盘苗生长及根系特性均显著优于裸根苗,其中,文冠果穴盘苗生长及根系特性显著优于其它树种穴盘苗;辽东栎真武山种源根系特性最优;裸根断根苗根系特性显著优于裸根苗;采用真武山种源的辽东栎进行穴盘育苗,栽植后进行断根处理,可以最大化地促进侧根增加,增强苗木抗逆性,提高造林成活率。

Afforestation of coniferous trees had been widely used in North China for a long time which resulted in low forestspecies diversity, simple structure, forest fires, frequent plant diseases and insect pests. Increasing the afforestation of localprecious broad-leaved trees not only maintained the stability of the forest, but also improved the economic benefits. Plugseedlings and bare-rooted seedlings of different tree species, bare-rooted seedlings of Quercus liaotungensis from differentprovenance had been contrasted. Results showed that the growth and root system characteristics of plug seedlings in these 4species were significantly better than that of bare-rooted seedlings, and the plug seedlings 〇{ Xanthoceras sorbifolia were significantlybetter than that of other trees. The root system characteristics of Quercus liaotungensis from Zhenwu mountainprovenance was the best and the root system characteristics of bare-rooted cutting seedlings was significantly better than thatof bare-rooted seedlings. Cutting the root of Quercus liaotungensis plug seedlings from Zhenwu mountain provenance couldpromote lateral root growth, enhance the stress resistance of seedlings and increase the survival rate of afforestation.