不同毒品依赖类型女性强戒人员戒毒动机影响路径比较

COMPARISON OF INFLUENCE PATHS TO DRUG ABSTENTION MOTIVATION BETWEEN DIFFERENT DRUG DEPENDENCE TYPES IN FEMALE ABSTIENTS

目的:构建和比较女性海洛因强戒人员与新型毒品强戒人员戒毒动机影响路径,为针对性提升和维持戒毒动机提供参考。方法:采用随机取样法在贵州某强戒所现场调查255名女性强戒人员,调查内容包括自编问卷、戒毒动机量表、非理性信念量表、社会支持问卷、人际反应指针量表、渴求度量表和事件影响量表。利用t检验比较上述各变量在两类戒毒者之间的差异;采用Pearson相关及线性回归分析变量间的关系、探讨戒毒动机的影响路径。结果:海洛因强戒者渴求度得分高于新型毒品强戒者(t=5.49,P=0.000),其余变量得分没有显著性差异。两类戒毒者共情能力对其戒毒动机均存在正向影响,而共情能力均受到创伤性经验的正向影响。同时,戒毒动机的影响路径在两类戒毒者间存在差异,其中海洛因强戒者的渴求度对其戒毒动机没有显著性影响,而新型毒品强戒者的渴求度对其戒毒动机存在负向影响(β=-0.324,P=0.000),且受到非理性信念的正向影响(β=0.657,P=0.000);社会支持对海洛因戒强戒者的创伤性体验存在负向影响(β=-0.197,P=0.02),但对新型毒品的戒毒动机不存在显著性影响(β=0.09,P=0.211)。结论:两类女性强戒者的戒毒动机均受到共情能力、创伤性体验的影响;但非理性信念、渴求度、社会支持对两类戒毒者戒毒动机的影响路径存在差异。

Objective： To establish and compare the influence path of drug abstention motivation in female drug abuse detainees heroin and new-type drug abstinents,and to provide reference for stimulating and maintaining abstention motivation.Methods： A total of 255 female drug abuse detainees were randomly selected in a compulsory isolated detoxification institute in Guizhou and were surveyed with self-designed questionnaire,Drug Abstention Motivation Scale,Social Support Rating Scale（ SSRS）,Irrational Beliefs Scale,Interpersonal Reaction Scale and Interpersonal Reactivity Index-C（ IRI-C）,Craving Scale and Impact of Event Scale（ IES）. The collected data were statistically analyzed with independent t-test,Pearson correlation analysis and regression model.Results： Concerning all the aforementioned scale scores,only the score of Craving Scale was higher in heroin detainees than that in new-type drug detainees. The empathy capacity exerted positive influence on drug abstention motivation and were affected by trauma experiences for both type drug detainees. Moreover,the influence path ofdrug abstention motivation differed from each other. One major difference was that the craving score exerted no significant influence on the heroin detainees,while the craving score exerted a negative association with on the new-type drug detainees（ β =-0. 324,P = 0. 000） and were affected by irrational beliefs. Furthermore,the social support score showed a negative effect on the IES score（ β =-0. 197,P = 0. 02） in heroin detainees while no statistical significance was observed in the new-type drug detainees（ β = 0. 09,P = 0. 211）.Conclusion： The drug abstention motivation is influenced by empathy capacity and trauma experiences. However,irrational belief,craving extent and social support show different influence pathway to drug abstention motivation between the two type drug detainees.