铝合金T型接头激光焊接实验研究

Experimental Study on Laser Beam Welding for the Aluminum Alloy T-joints

针对激光焊接铝合金T型接头,系统研究了激光入射角度、激光功率、焊接速度对T型接头焊接形貌的影响。研究结果表明:激光入射角度处于30°~45°时较合理,入射角小于30°时,底板熔深太小,影响接头强度;入射角大于45°时,焊缝熔深太大,使底板焊透,同时造成接头不完全包覆。随着激光功率的增加,焊接熔深逐步增大,当激光功率达到2200 W时,T型接头实现双侧焊缝包覆,焊接性能较好。当焊接速度为0.8 m/min时,出现咬边缺陷;当焊接速度达到1.2 m/min时,无法实现焊接接头两侧的完好包覆。

Influences of laser incidence angle,laser power and welding speed on welding appearance of laser beam welded Aluminum Alloy T-joints were systematically investigated. The study results showed that laser incidence angle was reasonable when it between 30°～45°. When laser incidence angle was less than 30° ,bottom board weld penetration was so small that joint strength disqualification. When laser incidence angle was more than 45° ,weld penetration was so deep that bottom board was welded through, and angle was so big that vertical slab can＇t fusion completely. With laser power increase,weld penetration was also increase. When laser power was 2200 W,two sides T joints fuse together, at the same time welding joints had high quality. The last ,when the welding speed was 0.8 m/rain,welding undercut defects was happened. When the welding speed was 1.2 m/rain,two sides welding joints can＇t fuse together.