口腔扁平苔藓的诊断与治疗

Diagnosis and treatment of oral lichen planus

口腔扁平苔藓(oral lichen planus,OLP)是一种常见的口腔黏膜慢性炎性疾病,患病率为0.1%~4.0%,好发于30~60岁女性。OLP发病机制尚未明确,目前认为是一种由T细胞介导的自身免疫疾病,与遗传、药物、感染、口腔局部刺激、精神因素等相关。OLP临床表现为白色或灰白色的网纹、丘疹、斑块等,其间可伴充血、糜烂、水疱等病损。有1.1%的OLP会发展为口腔鳞状细胞癌,WHO将其列为潜在恶性病变,临床医生应予以相应的重视。文章针对OLP的发病机制、诊断与治疗进行总结。

Oral lichen planus （OLP） is a common oral mucosal chronic disease, the prevalence rate is 0.1% to 4.0% of the general population, and it occurs mostly in women aged 30 to 60. OLP pathogenesis has not yet been clear; currently it is considered as a class of T cell-mediated autoimmune diseases. It is related to genetics, drug, infection, oral irritation and mental factors. The clinical manifestations are white or gray textures, pimples, plaques, etc., which may be accompa- nied by congestion, erosion, blisters and other lesions. Because 1.1% of OLP will develop into oral squamous cell carcinoma, World Health Organization lists it as a potentially malignant disease, and clinicians should pay attention accordingly. Here we summarize the pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of OLP.