儿童牙科畏惧症病因及行为管理方法研究进展

Research progress on the etiologies and behavior management methods of dental fear in children

随着我国经济及口腔健康事业的发展,儿童患龋率有所下降。但值得注意的是,儿童龋病未治疗率仍保持较高水平。由于儿童受其心理及生理发育的限制,极易产生恐惧心理而产生不合作行为,致使临床治疗无法完成,儿童牙科畏惧症成为诊治的极大障碍。因此,不合作患儿的口腔治疗是儿童口腔医生及家长共同面对的问题。文章对口腔科就诊儿童的心理特点、产生恐惧的原因,以及临床上针对儿童临床表现可以应用的行为管理方法做一综述。

With the development of our country＇s economy and oral health, the prevalence of dental caries has decreased in children. It is worth noting that the rate of untreated dental caries in children remains at a high level ; due to the limita- tion of psychological and physiological development of children, they are more likely to produce fear and uncooperative behavior, and thus they are unable to complete clinical treatment. The great obstacle in the diagnosis and treatment is the dental fear of children. Therefore, the oral treatment for uncooperative children is the main problem faced by children and their parents. This paper presented a review on the psychological characteristics of children in dental situation, causes of fear, and behavior management methods according to clinical features of children in clinical practice.