西藏山南地区贡嘎县孕妇妊娠期贫血危险因素分析

Analysis on risk factors of anemia during pregnancy in Konggar county,Shannan Prefecture,Tibet Autonomous Region

目的探讨影响西藏地区妊娠期妇女发生贫血的危险因素,为其防治提供科学依据。方法采用病例对照研究设计,选取2015年5-10月山南地区贡嘎县人民医院新诊断妊娠期妇女贫血患者为病例组,同期同一医院妊娠期妇女为对照组,采用问卷调查收集相关危险因素的暴露情况并加以分析。结果共收集病例组72例,对照组71例。单因素分析显示胎次、孕周、食用肉蛋数量、食用新鲜水果蔬菜数量、饮用酥油茶数量和是否了解孕妇贫血的危害等差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示胎次、食用肉蛋数量及新鲜水果的数量、饮用酥油茶数量和是否了解贫血的危害差异有统计学意义。结论饮食结构不均衡以及缺乏贫血相关知识是该地区妇女妊娠期发生贫血的主要危险因素。

Objective To explore the risk factors of anemia during pregnancy among Tibetan women, provide a scientific basis for pre- venting and controlling anemia during pregnancy. Methods A ease-control study was conducted, the pregnant women diagnosed as anemia in the hospital from May to October in 2015 were selected as case group, and the pregnant women during the same period were selected from the hospital as control group. A questionnaire survey was performed to collect the exposure of related risk factors, then the results were ana- lyzed. Results A total of 72 cases in case group and 71 cases in control group were collected in this study. Univariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in parity, gestational week, the intake of meat and eggs, the intake of fresh fruits and vegeta- bles, the quantity of buttered tea, and knowledge of anemia hazards （P〈0. 05） . Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in parity, the intake of meat, eggs, and fresh fruits, the quantity of buttered tea, and knowledge of a- nemia hazards. Conclusion Unbalanced dietary structure and lack of knowledge about anemia are main risk factors of anemia during preg- nancy in the area.