翁方纲《四库提要》稿本的文论意义

On the Meaning of Literary Theory of The Draft of The Abstract of Si Ku Quan Shu by Weng Fanggang

中国文学思想其实不限于学士文人之间的切磋讨论,统治意志对待文学的态度,其实亦起重大的支配作用。正视历史的真实相,则《四库提要》所体现的官方文论立场,则显然易见,而学界在整理总结《四库提要》的文论思想方面,亦已成绩斐然。唯于其中的观念的形成过程,则必待今存翁方纲所撰《四库提要稿》方能清楚理解。本文发现翁方纲拈出"神理"为判断文学根本性质,意义远出学界所"肌理"观念之上。然因其原出明茅坤《史记钞》,在抹杀前朝的官方意识的前提影响下,《四库提要》定稿者拒绝翁方纲的意见,更加有激于此而进一步强化官方意识,抑制文人学士的观念发展。

The development of traditional Chinese literary theory and thought was not only a product between the interflowing of writers and scholars but also the immense inference of the ruling authority, and it was a historical fact. The Abstract of Si Ku Quan Shu was a typical example that had been fully dis-cussed, but the Draft by Weng Fanggang as a basic source had composed an important new ideal on the is-sue of Literary subjects such as the creative mind of writers that had not been accepted by the Court ed--tors,which revealed a fact that the conservative narration on literary thought was strengthened towards the authority and vice visa.