阳明学的孔学及学孔

The Confucian Learning and Learning from Confucius of Yangming School

面对阳明学发展的困境,胡直、孙应鳌等阳明后学以"孔学"树正鹄,以"学孔"为致良知的道德修养"工夫",以密、勇、博、高、大且全为孔子画像。孔子的真精神在于"温而厉,威而不猛,恭而安","江、汉以濯之,秋阳以暴之,皓皓乎不可尚已"。孔学的诠释在于良知的推致与践行:孔子的真宗谱在于"文王既没,文不在兹乎"的精神传承;真年谱在于一生发愤志学,以复心体至贲。胡直绍续程颢之学,以觉言仁;独握虞廷心印,研透深微,居江右讲学,与孙应鳌主持的贵州"学孔书院"相呼应。从地方到政治中心北京,胡直、孙应鳌的后学邹元标主盟首善书院,以"愿学"孔子为标宗,推进"学孔"。

With the plight of the development of Yangming school,Hu Zhi and Sun Ying＇ao were commited to Confucian learning,cultivated innate knowledge through learning from Confucius,and portrayed Confucius as delicate,brave,erudite,lofty,broad and profound.The genuine spirit of Confucius is ＂gracious yet serious,commanding yet not severe,deferential yet as ease＂,＂What has been washed in the waters of the Jiang and Han and bleached in the autumn sun-how glistening is its purity!Nothing can be added to it!＂The illustration of Confucian learning lies in expanding and practicing innate knowledge.The genuine genealogical tree of Confucius is the inheritance of the spirit ＂with King Wen（cultural） long dead,does not cultural heritage reside here in us？＂The genuine chronicle of Confucius is his lifelong learning,his eagerness to learn,and to recover the brightness of the mind.Hu Zhi inherited Cheng Hao＇s Neo-Confucianism,and interpreted humanity.He gave lectures successfully in Jiang Xi province,and joined hands with Sun Ying＇ao,who set up ＂School of Learning Confucius＂ of Gui Zhou province.From local areas to the political center Beijing,Zou Yuanbiao,a disciple of Hu Zhi and Sun Ying＇ao,presided in ＂School of National Capital＂,established the concept ＂willingness to learn from Confucius＂ and promoted learning from Confucius.