温州市5岁以下儿童意外死亡流行特点及趋势分析

An analysis on accidental death occurrence intensity and trend among children under 5 in Wenzhou

目的了解2007—2016年温州市<5岁儿童意外死亡的流行特点及变化趋势,为制定儿童意外死亡干预方案提供依据。方法从温州市<5岁儿童死亡监测系统导出2007—2016年意外死亡相关资料,分析<5岁儿童10年间意外死亡发生强度、变化趋势及死因谱。结果 2007—2016年温州市<5岁儿童意外死亡率呈下降趋势(P<0.05),年均意外死亡率为12.38/万。其中农村儿童年均意外死亡率为13.26/万,高于城市儿童的9.99/万(P<0.05),但城乡差距逐年缩小(P<0.05);流动儿童年均意外死亡率为18.56/万,高于本地儿童的9.44/万(P<0.05)。意外死因顺位由高到低为意外窒息(4.70/万)、溺水(3.69/万)、交通意外(1.77/万)、意外跌落(1.28/万)和其他意外(0.94/万)。新生儿和婴儿的意外死因首位均为意外窒息,分别占86.74%和88.55%;1~4岁儿童意外死因首位为溺水,占46.38%。结论温州市<5岁儿童意外死亡率呈下降趋势,主要死因为意外窒息和溺水,流动儿童的意外死亡率高于本地儿童,应根据儿童意外死亡特点制定相应干预方案。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and trends of accidental death among children under5 in Wenzhou during the period of 2007—2016,and to provide basis for the intervention program of accidental death in children. Methods The accidental death case of children in Wenzhou during 2007—2016 were collected,then the variation intensity,trend,and cause of death spectrum of accidental death were analyzed. Results The accidental death rate of children under 5 in this city showed a downward trend（P〈0.05） during 2007—2016,with 12.38 per ten thousand on average. The accidental death rate of children in rural area was 13.26 per ten thousand,which was higher than 9.99 per ten thousand in urban area（P〈0.05）. The accidental death gap between urban and rural children was narrowed down（P〈0.05）. The unintentional death rate of floating children was 18.56 per ten thousand,and was higher than that of local children which was 9.44 per ten thousand（P〈0.05）. The first cause of accidental death in children under 5 was accidental asphyxia, but drowning（46.38%） was more prominent in the 1-4 year old children.Conclusion In Wenzhou,the first cause of accidental death in children under 5 was accidental asphyxia.The accidental death of migrant children was significantly higher than local children.These characteristics have a good directional effect on future intervention measures.