2011～2015年合肥市手足口病流行病学及病原学特征分析

Epidemiological and etiological characteristics of hand,foot and mouth disease in Hefei from 2011 to 2015

目的分析2011~2015年合肥市手足口病的流行病学和病原学特征,为手足口病的防控工作提供参考。方法手足口病发病资料来自2011~2015年传染病监测报告信息管理系统,病原学检测数据来自监测点和现场调查采样,统计方法运用描述性分析和χ~2检验,对粪便标本采用RT-PCR扩增基因序列测定,并利用生物学软件分析。结果手足口病年平均发病率196.11/10万,发病高峰在4~6月,发病年龄以5岁以下儿童为主,占总发病人数的94.45%;肠道病毒71型(EV71)为优势株,感染机体引起重症手足口病风险较大。进化树分析表明合肥市EV71属于C4a亚型。幼儿园健康儿童病毒携带率6.80%,均为其它肠道病毒。结论合肥市手足口病发病率较高,EV71是优势株,为C4a亚型,与中国大陆优势毒株流行趋势一致。在做好全面防控的同时,应重点做好5岁以下儿童的防控工作。

Objective To analyze the epidemiology and etiology of hand,foot and mouth disease（ HFMD） in Hefei city from 2011to 2015 so as to provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control of the disease. Metliods A descriptivethrough the surveillance data of HFMD in Hefei City from 2011 to 2015. Descriptive epidemiological methods and chi - square analysis＇wereused for statistical analysis. Etiological information was from monitoring and field investigation. Stool specimens were amplified from the stool samples of HFMDpatients. Sequences were analyzed with bioinformatics software. Results The morbi2011 to 2015 was 196. 11/100 000. The peak of incidence was from April to June. Most patients were proportion of HFMD in this crowd was respectively 94.45% in total cases. Severe cases would be more possible whented by enterovirus 71. Data from phylogenetic analysis revealed that EV71 isolated from HFMD patients in Hefei belonged to C4a evolution branch. The infection rate of healthy children nursery was 6. 80%,all belonging to other enterovirus infections. Conclusion The prevalent level of HFMD is higher at present in Hefei city. The major etiologic agent is EV71 which belongsto C4a in the esary to makefocal point of controlling HFMD in children under 5 years old.