萍乡市某医院肾结石危险因素的病例对照研究

Risk Factors for the Kidney Stones:A Hospital-based Case-control Study in a Hospital in Pingxiang City

目的探讨萍乡地区肾结石的危险因素,为肾结石的预防提供理论依据。方法基于萍乡市某医院的病例对照研究,以经B超、X线或静脉肾盂造影确诊为肾结石的住院患者150例作为病例组;与病例同性别且年龄相差5岁以内(排除尿路结石)的150人作为对照组,进行11配对;以自制调查问卷的方式进行面对面调查,内容涉及一般人口学特征、饮水习惯、膳食结构、疾病史等,利用SPSS 18.0软件进行数据分析,用Logistic回归模型进行单因素和多因素分析筛选出有意义的危险因素。结果经Logistic回归模型进行单因素和多因素分析,最终进入模型的因素有:地区(OR=0.267,95%CI=0.107~0.534)、工作强度(OR=0.425,95%CI=0.176~0.593)、饮食习惯(OR=1.457,95%CI=1.045~2.379)、饮水量(2 000~3 000 ml/d:OR=0.437,95%CI=0.154~0.903;>3 000ml/d:OR=0.134,95%CI=0.054~0.203)和尿路感染史(OR=2.078,95%CI=1.215~4.192)。结论城区居住、经常饮水、体力劳动是肾结石发病的保护因素。尿路结石史、喜好肉食是肾结石发病的危险因素。

Objectives To explore the risk factors of renal stones in Pingxiang area,and to provide a theoretical basis for the prevention of kidney stones.Methods 150 hospitalized cases who were diagnosed with kidney stones by the B ultrasound with X-ray or intravenous pyelography were assigned as case group,while the hospitalized cases with the same gender and the age difference within five years and without urinary calculi were paired with each case group sample.A face to face survey using self-made questionnaire were conducted,and the questionnaire involved the general demographic characteristics,drinking habits,dietary structure,disease history,et al.The data were analyzed with SPSS18.0 and Logistic regression model of single factor and multi factor analysis was used for screening the significant risk factors.Results Logistic regression model was used for univariate and multivariate analysis,and factors entered into the model were listed above：aea（OR=0.267,95%CI=0.107-0.534）,intensity of labor（OR=0.425,95%CI=0.176-0.593）diet（OR=1.457,95%CI=1.045-2.379）,dinking water（2 000-3 000 ml/d：OR=0.437,95%CI=0.154-0.903;3 000 ml/d：OR=0.134,95%CI=0.054-0.203）and urinary tract infections（OR=2.078,95%CI=1.215-4.192）.Conclusions Urban living,drinking water,physical labor is protective factor of kidney stones,while history of uurinary calculi,being fond of meat was risk factor for kidney stones.