大型卧式加工中心床身铸件的铸造

Casting of Large Horizontal Machining Center Lathe-bed

通过调整大型卧式加工中心床身分型面、分芯和浇注系统的工艺设计,以及对制芯、造型、涂料、合箱、浇注、落砂过程等工序操作的控制,分析了产生呛火、夹砂和夹渣等铸造缺陷的原因,采取调整排气设计、增加芯撑数量、加强砂芯定位和采用3D打印技术将床身砂芯做成整体等技术措施,解决了呛火问题;同时,保证型砂强度在4.0~5.5 MPa,型砂使用时间控制在6~10 min,控制内浇道铁液流速≤1 m/s,减少下芯、合箱过程中的碰擦,解决并预防了夹砂和夹渣缺陷的产生,并对电炉的化学成分进行了调整,为铸件的生产奠定了工艺、技术基础,提升了生产此类铸件的能力。

By adjusting the process designs of large horizontal machining center lathe-bed,such as parting surfaces,core arrangement,gating system and other control on the core,shape,paint,assembling,pouring,sanding process,et al,the reason of choking,burning,slag and other casting defects were analyzed. The choking was solved by adjusting the exhaust design,increase the number of support cores,adjusting the sand core positioning,using 3 D printing technology to make the whole body of sand core and other technical measures. At the same time,the sand strength was assured in 4.0~5.5 MPa,sand was using in 6~10 min,the iron flow rate in runner was less than 1 m/s. The rubbing between the core and box was reduced. The occurrence of burning and slag defects were solved and prevented. The chemical composition of the electric furnace was also been adjusted for the production of castings. These measures had laid a process and technical basis for the production of castings and enhance the ability to produce such castings.