表面活性剂对HMX基PBX性能的影响

Effect of Surfactant on Properties of HMX-based PBX

采用溶液-水悬浮法,以F2602为黏结剂,Span-80、Tween-80、PVA、糊精为表面活性剂,制备了HMX基PBX;采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、差式扫描量热仪(DSC)对其进行了表征和热分析,并测试了其撞击感度。结果表明,加入表面活性剂包覆后未改变HMX的晶体结构;以Span-80为表面活性剂时包覆得到的HMX基PBX表面最光滑,包覆密实且无明显外漏现象;加入表面活性剂Span-80、Tween-80、PVA、糊精后得到的HMX基PBX的表观活化能分别为438.05、217.74、406.64、356.14kJ/mol,与未加表面活性剂的样品相比降低了35.52、255.83、66.93、117.43kJ/mol;加入Span-80的HMX基PBX热爆炸临界温度约上升1℃,表明对PBX的安定性无明显影响,撞击感度特性落高(H50)由44.9cm增加到63.2cm,提高了40.76%。

HMX-based PBXs were prepared by solution-water suspension method using F2602 as binder and Span-80,Tween-80,PVA and dextrine as surfactants.The characterization and thermal analysis of HMX-based PBXs were performed by scanning electron microscope（SEM）,X-ray diffractometer（XRD）and differential scanning calorimeter（DSC）and their impact sensitivities were tested.Results show that the crystal structure of HMX after coating with surfactants does not change.When Span-80 is used as surfactant,HMX-based PBX obtained by coating has the smoothest surface and dense coating and has no obvious external leakage pheomenon.The apparent activation energies of the HMX-based PBX obtained with Span-80,Tween-80,PVA and dextrin as surfactant are 438.05,217.74,406.64 and 356.14 kJ/mol,and are reduced by 35.52,255.83,66.93,117.43 kJ/mol respectively compared to samples with no surfactant.In which the critical temperature of thermal explosion of HMX-based PBX with Span-80 as surfactant increases by about 1℃,showing that it has no obvious effect on the stability of PBX,and the characteristic drop height of impact sensitivity increases by 40.76%from 44.9 cm to 63.2 cm.