伊犁新垦区玉米滴灌技术研究

Study on Drip Irrigation Technique of Maize in Ili Newly Reclaimed Area Soil

【目的】研究伊犁新垦区玉米生产滴灌最佳灌溉制度和滴灌水肥调控技术。【方法】设置3个不同的灌溉定额(4 800、5 400、6 000 m^3/hm^2)处理,采取统一的灌溉周期:4 d,并对土壤水分、玉米产量、水分生产率和主要农艺性状等指标进行测定。【结果】对玉米应用小水量多次灌的滴灌技术,灌溉定额对产量有较显著的影响,成正相关,当灌溉定额在5 631.6 m^3/hm^2时,可获得最佳产量。【结论】伊犁新垦区玉米在滴灌条件下,采用小水量多次灌并在生育期内追肥的水肥调控技术,可实现当地玉米生产的节水、节肥高效优质可持续发展。

[ Objective] Ili River Valley is an important production base of the commodity grain in Xin-jiang. In view of the irrigation problem of arenaceous thin soil layer in Yili new reclamation area, this project aims at the optimum irrigation system of drip irrigation and the water and fertilizer control technology by drip irrigation experiment for maize production.[ Method] Three different irrigation quotas （4,800 m3/hm2, 5,400 m3/hm2 and 6,000 m3/hm2） treatments were set, and a uniform irrigation cycle was adopted and 4 days later, the soil moisture, maize yield, water productivity and main agronomic traits were studied.[ Result] The exper-iments showed that the irrigation quota had a significant influence on the yield of maize, which was shown as positive correlation when applying small amount of water and repeated irrigation. The optimum yield could be obtained when the irrigation quota was 5 ,631.6 m3/hm2. [ Conclusion] Under the condition of drip irrigation in Yili new land reclamation area, the water and fertilizer regulation techniques with small amount of water ir-rigation and additional fertilizer during the growth period can realize the sustainable development of the water saving, fertilizer saving and high quality maize production.