不同胎龄患儿颅脑损伤情况超声研究对比

Comparative study of ultrasound for craniocerebral injury in children with different gestational ages

目的研究超声对不同胎龄患儿颅脑损伤情况的诊断价值。方法从平煤神马医疗集团总医院2014-12—2016-12接收的新生儿中选择100例接受超声检查的患儿,分析新生儿颅脑疾病发生情况。结果 100例新生儿中不同程度颅脑损伤检出率78.0%,其中颅内出血、脑水肿、脑白质损伤、丘脑基底核损伤所占比例分别为48.71%、25.64%、21.79%、3.84%。早产组患儿发生颅内出血、脑水肿、脑白质损伤以及丘脑基底核损伤的概率分别为73.68%、80.0%、76.47%、66.67%,显著高于足月组的26.32%、20.0%、23.53%、33.33%,2组比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。早产组胎龄低于34周患儿发生颅内出血、脑白质损伤、脑水肿的概率分别为39.47%、52.94%、50.0%;胎龄34~36周则分别为34.21%、23.53%、30.0%;而足月组分别为26.32%、23.53%、20.0%,不同胎龄组发生颅内出血、脑白质损伤、脑水肿的概率对比差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),颅内出血的部位和程度对比无显著差异(P>0.05)。结论对新生儿颅脑疾病采取超声诊断的效果显著,值得推广使用。

Objective To study the clinical value of ultrasonography in the diagnosis of craniocerebral injury of children in different gestational ages.Methods Totally 100 cases of newborn in General Hospital of Pingdingshan Shenma Medical Group from December 2014 to December 2016 were selected for neonatal brain disease detection by using ultrasound examination.Results Detection rate of different degrees neonatal brain injury was 78%,in all neonatal brain injury cases,the intracranial hemorrhage,cerebral edema,cerebral white matter damage and the thalamus basal ganglia damage rate was 48.71%,25.64%,21.79% and 3.84%,respectively.In the preterm group,the intracranial hemorrhage,cerebral edema,cerebral white matter injury and thalamus basal ganglia damage rates was 73.68%,80%,76.47% and 66.67%,respectively,which were all significantly higher than that of the full-term group(26.32%,20%,23.53% and 33.33%,P<0.05).In children with less than 34 weeks gestational age,the intracranial hemorrhage,brain injury and brain edema rates were 39.47%,52.94% and 50%,respectively,and in the children with gestational age 34~36 weeks were 34.21%,23.53% and 30%,respectively,the full-term group were 26.32%,23.53% and 20%,respectively,and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P<0.05).The two groups had similar extent and location of intracranial hemorrhage(P>0.05).Conclusion Ultrasound examination has significant diagnosis value in neonatal brain disease and is worthy of promotion.