论清朝统一新疆前乾隆朝对准噶尔的宗教政策

On the Religious Policies from the Period of Emperor Qianlong in Qing Dynasty before the Unification of Xinjiang Uygur Region

清朝对准噶尔的宗教政策在260余年中呈现出一种动态的变化,仅乾隆元年(1736年)至乾隆二十四年(1759年)间的宗教政策也与其他时段有些许不同。乾隆朝在24年间对准噶尔的宗教政策涉及两种,一是藏传佛教政策,主要出于保护西藏而遏制准噶尔势力的目的而制定的,因此乾隆朝对准噶尔藏传佛教的政策是扶持与遏制并行;二是伊斯兰教政策,主要是由于清朝政府与准噶尔维吾尔人接触很少,因此乾隆朝对准噶尔伊斯兰教以怀柔为主。

The religious policies of the Qing Dynasty were dynamic changes during more than 260 years, and the religious policies were somewhat different from those in other period between 1736 and 1759. The religious policies of this period to Junggar involved two reli-gions. One was Tibetan Buddhism which was mainly used to curb Junggar for the protection of Tibet, and so the policies of both support-ing and curbing the Tibetan Buddhism existed at the same period of time. The other was Islam which was conciliated by the contempora-ry government because of the little relationship between the Uygur and the government of Qing Dynasty.