汽车吸能盒诱导槽结构多目标优化设计

Multi-Objective Optimization Design of Inducing Grooves for Crash-Box

吸能盒作为防撞系统的主要吸能组件,能在短时间内吸收大部分的能量,从而保护驾驶员和乘客的生命安全。为了研究诱导槽的布置位置以及诱导槽深度等参数对吸能盒能量吸收性能的影响,分别建立了无诱导槽以及具有均布诱导槽的两种吸能盒模型。以吸能盒的压缩位移和峰值碰撞力为优化目标,以诱导槽的深度和槽间距为设计变量,采用最优拉丁超立方试验设计选取样本点,用二阶多项式响应面模型构建其近似代理模型,选用存档微遗传算法对吸能盒诱导槽的参数进行多目标优化设计。优化结果表明:在满足吸能盒各设计要求的前提下,优化后吸能盒的能量吸收性能得到了进一步的提升,从而为汽车吸能盒的设计提供一定的理论基础。

Crash box is the main energy absorbing component of the collision avoidance system,which can absorb most of the energy in a short time to protect the safety of the driver and the passenger. In order to study the influence of the location and depth of the inducing groove on the energy absorption performance,two kinds of crash box models with non-inducing groove and uniformly distributed onewere established. This work took the compression displacement and peak collision force as the optimization objectives,and the depth and spacing of the inducing groove as the design variables. The sample points were selected by Latin hypercube design of experiment, and the second-order polynomial response surface method was used to establish the optimization model. The parameter of the crash box was optimized based on the the archived-based micro genetic algorithm. The optimization results shown that the energy absorption performance of optimized crash box was effectively improved under the premise of meeting the design requirements. The results of this paper can provide a theoretical basis for the design of vehicle crash box.