大型城市中小零售商户运营成本模型研究——基于北京与天津市小零售商户的调研数据

Operating Cost Model of Small Retailers in Megacities:Based on the Survey Data of Small Retailers in Beijing and Tianjin

基于北京市和天津市小零售商户的调研数据,建立了小零售商户运营成本的线性规划模型,并进行了算例说明。结果表明:我国大型城市中小零售商户的运营成本受店铺面积、商品类别、订货方式、订货周期等因素的影响,小零售商户可以通过该运营成本模型制定最优决策,达到效益最大化。该模型能揭示影响小零售商户运营成本、效益以及订货决策的因素,能较全面地测算出小零售商户一个周期内所花费的成本,有助于节约成本。

Based on the survey data of small retailers in Tianjin and Beijing,a linear programming model about operating costs was established and illustrated using a numerical example. The research results show that the cost of small retailers was influenced by factors such as shop area,goods cost,the cost of the order,delivery time,etc. Small retailers can use the model to make optimal decisions and achieve maximum benefit. The model reveals factors affecting operating costs,benefits and the decision of order of small retailers,which was able to work out a comprehensive operating cost of a small retailer within a period so that the retailer would have a clear idea where to start to save cost.