魏收辞赋创作考论——兼论其文学思想与“为魏公藏拙”

On the Works of Fu by Wei Shou: His Literary Thought and “Cangzhuo for Wei Shou”

鉴于学界对魏收辞赋研究几近空白的现状,笔者拟对其辞赋进行专题探讨,同时也涉其相关的文学思想和"为魏公藏拙"问题。魏收辞赋在形式上极富藻饰,辞美文丽,文风华靡,这是其赋作最为显著的艺术特色;在内容、主旨上具有质实情真、充实刚健的特点。其辞赋体现了南北优长文风的融合,是"合其两长"的"尽善尽美"之作,应视作盛唐文风的滥觞。在文学思想上,一是魏收最为推崇辞赋,认为这种文体的藻饰之美最能体现作者的才华,成就其"大才士"之名;二是魏收将文辞华靡视作批评文章的标准,轻视"典正"之作。徐陵"为魏公藏拙"的真实原因,应是其被久拘北地而对北齐产生了民族仇恨心理,以致拒绝传播其文化。文章主要采用考证法对此选题进行讨论,以期对认识魏收赋作的原貌,定位其在文学史上的地位,理解其文体观,厘清"为魏公藏拙"之因等问题有所助益。

In view of the research about Wei Shou＇s Fu being almost blank, the author intends to make a study of them, and his literary thought and ＂Cangzhuo for Wei Shou＂. The most significant artistic feature of his Fu works is that they are extravagant with elegant language. The content of his Fu is rich and the emotion is true. His works reflect the integration of good style in North Dynasty and South Dynasty, and should be regarded as the origin of the Tang Dynasty style. In the thought of literature, he especially payed attention to Fu because he held that the author^ talent could be shown though them. In addition, he regarded elegant language as the standard of criticism about literature. The real reason of ＂Cangzhuo for Wei Shou＂ should be that Xu Ling had the ethnic hatred for the Northern Qi Dynasty, so that he refused to spread its culture. The article examined the original appearance of his Fu, its position in literary history, its stylistic view, and the reason of 6tCangzhuo for Wei Shou,5 through textual research.