高校青年教师职业倦怠的现状、影响因素及对策研究——以中国石油大学(华东)为例

A Research on Status, Influencing Factors and Countermeasures of Young College Teachers' Job Burnout——Taking China University of Petroleum as Example

高校青年教师是职业倦怠的高发群体,体验到职业倦怠的教师对工作的积极性、控制感和成就感下降,对学生、教师、学校和社会都具有消极影响。本研究采用问卷调查法对360名高校青年教师进行测查,考察了当前高校青年教师职业倦怠的现状、影响教师职业倦怠的危险因素和保护性因素。结果发现,工作-家庭冲突是影响高校青年教师职业倦怠的重要危险因素,而社会支持能够有效缓解工作-家庭冲突对教师职业倦怠的影响,是重要的保护性因素。基于本研究结果,我们认为,建立分层次、合理化的考核机制、激励机制和薪酬系统,协助解决青年教师可能存在的工作-家庭冲突,并建立"政府—社会—高校—家庭"四位一体的支持性网络体系,将有助于缓解高校青年教师的职业倦怠感,提升青年教师的工作满意度。

Job burnout is prevalent in communities of young college teachers. Young college teachers with job burnout often have declining motivation, sense of control and sense of achievement, which will have negative effects on students, teachers, college and society. To explore the status, influencing factors, and countermeasures of young college teachers’ job burnout, three hundred and sixty young college teachers were measured with questionnaire method. The results show that work-family conflict is an important risk factor for young college teachers’ job burnout, while social support is an important protective one which could relieve the conflict. Based on the above results, establishing hierarchical, rational evaluation mechanism, incentive mechanism, and salary system, helping young college teachers to solve their potential work-family conflict, and building a four-in-one, supportive network system of government, society, college and family will be helpful to relieve young college teachers’ job burnout and improve their job satisfaction.