不同品种和栽培条件对再生稻产量及其构成因素的影响

Effects of Variety,Stubble Height and Nitrogen Fertilization on Production and Yield Factors of Ratoon Rice

探索不同品种和不同栽培因素综合对再生稻产量及其构成因素的影响,为提高再生稻产量水平的最优栽培模式提供理论依据,采用L_9(3~4)正交设计原理,研究不同品种、不同留桩高度、不同促芽肥施用量3个因素对再生稻头季、再生季及年产量及其产量构成因素的综合影响。结果表明:无论对头季、再生季还是年产量,品种、留桩高度和促芽肥施用量三因素的最优组合为两优616、留桩高度为10cm、促芽肥为140kg·hm-2,可获得高产;对再生稻年产量的影响顺序为:品种>留桩高度>促芽肥,品种对产量起最主要的作用;对头季稻产量的影响顺序为品种>促芽肥>留桩高度,最主要的影响是品种;在再生季,对有效穗和穗粒数的影响程度顺序为品种>留桩高度>促芽肥,而对千粒重和结实率的影响程度为品种>促芽肥>留桩高度。综合来看,在本试验范围内,品种两优616、留桩高度10cm、促芽肥140kg·hm-2的组合有利于再生稻获得高产。

Effects of variety and cultivation conditions on production and yield factors of ratoon rice were studied.Various varieties of ratoon rice,stubble height for ratooning,and fertilization to promote budding were implemented in a L_9(3~4)orthogonal experimentation to optimize the annual crop harvestof the first and second season ratoon rice.It was found that 10 cm-tall stubbles of Liangyou 616 fertilized with N 140 kg·hm-2 would render the highest yield on both crops.The annual production of ratoon rice was affected in the order of:variety>stubble height>bud fertilization,with rice variety playing aprominent role.Grain yield of the first-season crop was affected byvariety,bud fertilizationand stubble heightin that order,with rice variety being the predominant factor as well.Duringthe second season,thegrain and paniclecountson the ratoon rice plants were affected by variety>stubble height>bud fertilization;while,the 1 000-grain-weight and seed setting rate,variety>bud fertilization>stubble height.Within the scope of this experiment,the aforementioned combination of variety choice,stubble height and fertilization wasrecommended for high outputof the ratoon rice cultivation.