高海拔隧道通风、供氧、防灾与节能技术的发展

Development of New Technologies for Ventilation,Oxygen Supply,Disaster Prevention and Energy Saving for High-altitude Tunnels

为保障我国高海拔隧道建设的大力稳固发展,采用调研分析的方法总结近年来我国在高海拔隧道建设、通风、防灾救援以及节能通风等方面完成的研究成果。得到高海拔隧道低压、低氧和低温等环境下的通风控制标准、风机特性、施工供氧技术等综合技术,探明高海拔地区火灾烟气流动特性,明确高海拔地区人员逃生能力及隧道疏散结构参数的确定方法,并介绍高海拔隧道通风照明等节能新技术的发展及应用。

The recent studies of high-altitude tunnels are summarized in terms of construction,ventilation,disaster prevention and rescue,energy-saving ventilation so as to guarantee the rapid development of high-altitude tunnel in China. The ventilation control standard,fan characteristics,oxygen supply during construction in high-altitude,lowpressure,low-oxygen and low-temperature environment are obtained. The characteristics of fire and smoke flow in highaltitude tunnels are identified. The method for determining personnel escape ability and evacuation structure parameters in high-altitude tunnels is demonstrated. Finally,the development and application of new energy saving technologies for ventilation and illumination in high-altitude tunnels are introduced.