汕头创建文明城市中社会组织参与研究——基于政府失灵与志愿失灵的比较视角

On Social Organization Participation in Shantou's Campaign of“Creating a Civilized City”:From a Comparative Perspective of Government Failure and Voluntary Failure

文明城市创建的"复合型事业"本质决定了社会组织参与的必要性。以汕头市社会组织在交通志愿服务中的参与为研究对象,基于政府失灵与志愿失灵的理论比较视角,社会组织怎样参与交通整治?参与过程折射出怎样的地方政社关系?如何让社会组织在创文中发挥更大作用?从政府对政社关系的认知、创文动员架构及政社互动过程来看,社会组织仅被看作是"填缝剂",始终处于被领导的地位。鉴于创文运动式治理模式及地方社会治理的"沙漏型"结构所隐含的治理困境,地方政府应进一步认清社会组织的作用,在制度安排和机制设计上为其提供发展空间,从而使文明城市创建事业顺利进行下去。

The compound nature of'creating a civilized city'entails participation of social organizations. Taking social organization participation in voluntary traffic service as the research subject, this study seeks to explore three intertwined questions:(1)How do social organizations participate in street traffic management;(2)What kind of relationship between government and social organizations can befound in traffic management; and(3)What can be done to enhance the role of social organizations in the'creating a civilized city'campaign. Seen from the mobilization structure and the interaction between government and social organizations, social organizations are reduced to a subordinate and passive role. Given the inherent defects of'campaign-style movement'as well as the inability of residents' committees to take care of a wide array of social tasks, the study recommends that government should initiate new institutional and managerial reforms to allow social organizations to participate in the campaign.