西安城市贫困阶层的空间聚居研究

The spatial settlements of urban poverty in Xi'an

利用西安城市居民收支状况调查数据,采用隔离指数、贫困熵和空间自相关等计算方法,从三个时间断面(1990、2000和2013年)研究西安城市贫困阶层聚居的时空演化过程和规律。结果表明:时间上,西安城市贫困阶层聚居表现出阶段化的特征。空间上,贫困聚居区主要分布在城市边缘区、"三环线"附近及部分中心区,贫困阶层聚居正经历着由"城市边缘的传统贫困聚居区"向"城市边缘的传统贫困聚居区+内城衰退区"的空间转移。西安城市贫困集聚空间的转移是在城市化快速推进的背景下,经济发展、社会变革、城市再生与更新等多重因素共同作用的结果。

Based on the data of Xi＇an residents＇ income,the methods of segregation index,poverty entropy and spatial autocorrelation were adopted this research to study the evolution and regular pattern of urban poverty settlements in Xi＇an from three time sections（1990,2000 and 2013）. The result shows that on the temporal evolution,the characteristics of urban poverty settlements showed periodic development. On the spatial evolution,urban poverty settlements mainly distributed in the edge of the city,urban regions nearing the north third ring and the part of the central city. The spatial pattern of urban poverty changed from 1990 to 2013,which experienced the transition of ＂ peripheral location of the traditional urban poverty settlements-peripheral location of the traditional urban poverty settlements and recessionary location of center city＂. With the accelerating of urbanization process,the economic development,social reform,urban regeneration and renewal were the main factors that influenced the formation of urban poverty concentration in Xi＇an.