钠盐对乳房水肿奶牛钠钾氯血清水平的影响

The effect of the sodium, potassium and chloride metabolism in serum on udder edema in dairy cows

本试验在以往对石河子地区奶牛乳房水肿的调查情况的基础上,对围产期奶牛停止摄入钠盐,统计奶牛乳房水肿发病率、以及检测围产期健康奶牛和乳房水肿奶牛的血清中钠(Na+)、钾(K+)、氯(Cl-)水平。试验结果显示,围产期奶牛限制摄入钠盐前后乳房水肿的发生率分别为29.77%、22.08%,同时检测奶牛血清显示,患乳房水肿奶牛血清钠(Na+)水平为150.03 mmol/L,且极显著高于健康奶牛(P<0.01);乳房水肿奶牛血清钾(K+)水平为5.12 mmol/L,与健康奶牛没有差异;患乳房水肿奶牛血清氯(Cl-)水平为112.13 mmol/L,且显著高于健康奶牛(P<0.05)。试验表明,尽管不添加钠盐会使围产期奶牛乳房水肿发病率有所降低;但围产期奶牛发生乳房水肿的重要原因是特殊生理时期机体钠、氯离子代谢障碍。本次试验不但验证了钠、氯离子代谢障碍引起围产期奶牛发生乳房水肿,而且在临床实践中为本地规模化牛场养殖建议围产期奶牛不补给钠盐提供数据支持。

In this experiment,the cows during perinatal period were treated with nothing or coarse salt supplemented diet throughinvestigation of udder cow edem in shihezi,and then the incidence of udder edema was observed in the two groups,and sodium（Na^＋）,and potassium（K^＋）,and chloride（Cl^-）serum levels were analyzed. The results showed that in the coarse salt intake groupand control group,the incidence of udder edema were 29. 77 and 22. 08% respectively. Besides,it was found that,the sodium（Na^＋）serum levels of edema cows were 150. 03 mmol/L,significantly higher than that of healthy cows（P〈0. 01）. As for the udder edema cows serum potassium（K^＋）level was 5. 12mmol/L,but it had no difference with healthy cows. The chloride（Cl^-）serum levels of edema cows were 112. 13 mmol/L,which were significantly higher than that of healthy cows. It was concluded fromthis experiment that cutting salt intake for the perinatal cows had lower rates to udder edema,and sodium and chlorine ions in meta-bolic disorders were the main cause of disease in a special physiological period of the perinatal cows. The study not only indicated thatsalt ions metabolism disorders could lead to udder edema for perinatal cows,but also supplied a solid data foundation to breeding peri-natal cows by cutting salt in the local scaled dairy farm.