农村创新创业影响因素分析

On the Affecting Factors of Rural Entrepreneurship and Innovation

在中国人口红利逐渐消失的背景下,农民工返乡人增多,"大众创业,万众创新"国家战略的实施有利于改善农村创新创业环境,促进返乡农民工从事创新创业活动。通过以马克思主义政治经济学理论分析影响农村创新创业的直接影响因素—启动资金融资困难、公共服务缺位、返乡创业资源有限;间接因素—家族、贫困代际遗传、宗教等因素,找出农村创新创业环境的优化途径。以美国创业金融激励机制、以色列农村基布兹模式、荷兰的家庭农场制度为案例,借鉴其营造农村创新创业环境的先进经验,综合我国农村创新创业环境自身劣势,提出制定相应的政策建议。

As China＇s demographic dividend disappearing, labor-intensive industries out from the cities, there are more and more migrant workers who decide to return the countryside. The implementation of national strategy ＂Mass Entrepreneurship, Mass innova- tion＂ will greatly optimize rural innovation and entrepreneurship environment, and distinctly promote returning migrant workers to en- gage in innovation and entrepreneurial activity. This thesis finds out that the direct affecting factors of rural innovation and entrepre- neurship include： insufficient new venture capital, lack of basic public service, limited resources for entrepreneurship; the indirect af- fecting factors include ： clan, inter-generational transmission of poverty, religious belief and other factors. By analyzing both direct and indirect affecting factors will help find out the way to optimize the rural innovation and entrepreneurship environment. According to Chi- na＇s rural innovation and entrepreneurship environment situation, this thesis cites three referential cases： American entrepreneurial fi- nance incentive mechanism, Israel rural kibbutz pattern and the Dutch family farm system, whose advanced experience could be learned so as to put forward the superior corresponding policy in China＇s rural.