ADCC效应在抗HIV感染中的作用

Effect and action from ADCC in chronic HIV infection

抗体依赖性细胞介导的细胞毒性作用(antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity,ADCC)是一种固有免疫和适应性免疫相结合的免疫学效应。ADCC效应主要是通过效应细胞膜表面的受体IgG Fc受体(Fc receptor,FcR)如FcγRIIIa(CD16)、FcγRIIc(CD32)、FcγRI(CD64)识别靶细胞膜表面抗原,结合相应IgG抗体的Fc段而促发效应细胞脱颗粒和细胞因子分泌的一类细胞毒效应。对人类免疫缺陷病毒(human immunodeficiency virus,HIV)感染已有研究证实了,ADCC效应在控制HIV感染中发挥着重要作用。现对ADCC效应在抗HIV感染中的作用作一综述。

Antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity（ ADCC） is a combination immune responses involving both innate and adaptive immunity. In human body,ADCC is typically recognization of membrane-surface antigen on target cell initiated by Fc receptors,such as Fc γ RIIIa（ CD16） or Fc γ RIIc（ CD32）,from Ig G antibodies combined to effctor cells. In the passed decades,substantial evidences have been showed to support the crucial role of ADCC activities in control of HIV infection. This paper reviews the involved target cells,Fc receptor and the mechanism of ADCC,and briefly summarizes the development on ADCC in control of chronic HIV infection.