类器官模型在结直肠肿瘤研究中的作用与进展

Progress of application of organoid models in colorectal cancer research

目前对于结直肠肿瘤的实验研究主要有两种临床前模型,一种是结直肠癌细胞系(CCL)模型,另一种是患者来源的肿瘤异种移植(PDTX)模型,它们在结直肠癌发病机制探索方面有诸多优势,但仍有一些问题与缺陷不可避免。新近的类器官模型,不仅在有诱导肠干细胞发育分化及模拟肠道疾病中扮演重要角色,在结直肠癌的药物筛选及肿瘤信号通路研究方面也发挥着重要作用,有望成为新一代的肿瘤研究模型。类器官模型可与CCL和PDTX模型互为补充,从而使结直肠癌的基础研究进一步完善。笔者就类器官模型在结直肠肿瘤研究中的作用与进展作一综述。

There are mainly two types of preclinical models available for experimental research of colorectal cancer at present, namely, colorectal cancer cell lines （CCL）, and patient-derived tumor xenografts （PDTX）. They have many advantages in understanding the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer, but meanwhile inevitably possess some limitations and flaws. The newly developed organoid models not only play significant role in inducing intestinal stem cell differentiation and mimicking intestinal diseases, but also in anti-colorectal cancer drug screening and investigations of cancer signaling pathways, and may become a next-generation preclinical models for cancer research. The organoid models could be supplemented with CCL and PDTX for further improvement of the basic research of colorectal cancer. Here, the authors review the role and progress of organoid models in colorectal cancer research.