英国竞技体育崛起的原因及启示

Rising of British competitive sports: Cause and enlightenment

从1996年亚特兰大奥运会奖牌榜的第36名到2016里约奥运会的第2名,英国竞技体育在短短20年时间里快速崛起。通过对英国历史、文化及其体育发展过程的考察,总结其快速崛起的原因。英国竞技体育快速崛起是政府和社会高效合作的结果。具体原因:1)1996年政府部门重组,最大化地整合了社会各方资源;2)不断加大的资金投入和精准的资金投入机制确保资金效用最大化;3)对国际体育赛事的广泛支持,增加了本土运动员的竞争实力;4)科学的后备人才和教练员培养体系以及国际领先的体育科研系统提供了全方位的保障;5)悠久的体育文化传统和广泛的群众参与是其重要依托。

From 1996 Atlanta Olympic Games to 2016 RIO Olympic Games, the Great Britain （GBR） Team has risen rapidly from 36th to 2nd on the medal tally within only 2 decades. This article sums up the reasons： 1 ） The reform of the government in 1996 maximized the integration of the social resources; 2） The increasing capital investment and the precise funding mechanism have en- sured the maximized utility of capital; 3） The widespread support for international sporting events has increased the competitive power of the local athletes ; 4） Scientific cultivation system of athletes and coaches, as well as the international leading sports scientific research system provide a full range security for the British athletes; 5） Long sports culture heritage and mass sports participation are the foundations of the GB sports.