引入Mathematica开展原子核物理中α衰变势垒隧穿模型教学的探索

Introducing Mathematica to explore teaching of tunneling model for α decay in nuclear physics

原子核物理中α衰变是典型的量子隧道效应,势垒隧穿模型能够很好地解释α衰变的实验规律,包含了丰富的物理思想和巧妙的数学处理方法.但势垒隧穿理论模型的数学推导和计算复杂,为了避开繁琐的数学计算,直观地体现物理思想,引入Mathematica数学软件来开展α衰变势垒隧穿模型的教学.通过Mathematica软件强大的符号和数值计算功能,良好的人机交互性,可以方便地完成复杂的数学推导和数值计算,形象地给出不同势垒的理论计算结果,动态展示出α衰变势垒隧穿的物理图像.在核物理教学中引入数学软件,可有效地提高课堂教学的效率,培养学生自主学习能力,提升教学效果.

α decay in nuclear physics is a typical quantum tunnel effect.The tunneling model can well describe the experimental results of α decay,which contains abundant physics thoughts and clever mathematic processing.However,mathematical derivations and calculations are very complicated for the tunneling model.In order to avoid the complicated mathematical calculations and directly embody the physical concept, the Mathematica are introduced to carry out the teaching of tunneling model for α decay.With the strong function of sign-reducing and numerical calculation, the complicated mathematical derivations and numerical calculations can be easily accomplished.By visualizing the theoretical results of different nuclear potential,Mathematica can also dynamically display the physical picture of tunneling model of α decay.Introducing the mathematical software in nuclear physical teaching can effectively increase teaching efficiency,develop the students self-regulated learning ability,and improve the teaching quality.