电解质溶液中超声光栅衍射特性的研究

Exploring the difference of ultrasonic grating diffraction in non-electrolyte and electrolyte solution

实验探究超声光栅衍射在电解质溶液与非电解质溶液中的区别,结果表明电解质溶液中的衍射光强比非电解质溶液的光强明显降低,且电解质溶液中电解质浓度越高,光强越弱.通过求解麦克斯韦方程,在二级近似下得到电解质溶液中超声光栅透射光的0级、1级振幅表达式,理论上证明了在电解质溶液中由于存在大量带电离子,因此使衍射光强有明显的下降,理论结果与实验现象一致.

We perform an experimental exploring for the difference of ultrasonic grating diffraction in non-electrolyte and electrolyte solution.The results have shown that light intensity of the electrolyte solution is lower than the light intensity of the electrolyte solution,and the higher the electrolyte concentration in the solution is,the weaker the light intensity is.By solving Maxwell s equations in the secondary approximation,the expressions of the first and the second level diffraction light amplitudes in electrolyte solution are obtained.It is proved theoretically that because there are a lot of charged ions in the electrolyte solution,so that the diffraction intensity has obvious drop.Theoretical results are consistent with experimental phenomena.