多圆孔夫琅和费衍射的研究及衍射图样的可视化

Study of Multi Circular Holes Fraunhofer Diffraction and Visualization of Diffraction Patterns

为了认识多圆孔衍射的物理特征和图样特点,通过多圆孔衍射与光栅衍射的类比,结合单个圆孔的衍射和光栅的多条缝之间的干涉,得出多圆孔夫琅和费衍射的光强公式。采用MATLAB语言编程作图,得到多圆孔夫琅和费衍射图样,并方便地观察衍射图样随各个参数的变化,有助于学生更好地理解干涉和衍射现象的物理本质。计算机可视化光学现象,有助于提高学生的学习兴趣。圆孔衍射与多缝干涉结合起来处理问题的思路,有助于激发学生深入思考,进行探究式学习,培养创新能力。

In order to cognize physical properties and patterns of multi-hole diffraction, analogies were made between multi-hole diffraction and grating diffraction.Based on diffractions of single circular hole and interference of multi-slit of a grating, intensity of multi-hole Fraunhofer diffraction was derived.Diffraction patterns were visualized by MATLAB programming. This will contribute to understanding the physical principles of interference and diffraction. The speculation of combining single circular hole diffraction and multi-slit interference helps to inspire students thinking and exploring.