西部旱区灵芝轻简化栽培基质与出芝模式的优化

Optimization of Simplified Cultivation Medium and Cultivation Model for Ganoderma lucidum in Western Arid Area

根据我国新疆巴州干旱地区的气候特点,研究灵芝轻简化栽培大棚的建造方案与参数、以木屑最大限度替代棉籽壳的灵芝栽培基质配方和最佳出芝模式。结果表明:以木屑、棉籽壳为主料的灵芝栽培基质配方中,在辅料添加比例不变的情况下,木屑的添加比例为40%时既不影响产量和商品性,又能明显提高灵芝栽培效益;新型轻简化大棚栽培灵芝最佳出芝模式为菌袋环剥填土式菌墙出芝模式,它能最大限度地保持和稳定栽培料水分与棚内环境湿度,产量高、品质好、效益高,两潮灵芝(干)生物学效率可达13.5%以上。该研究可为我国西部干旱地区灵芝的优质高效栽培提供技术依据。

According to the natural climate characteristics of Xinjiang Bazhou arid area,the construction scheme and basic parameters of simplified cultivation greenhouse for Ganoderma lucidum were proposed,the medium formula using sawdust to replace cotton seed hulls was optimized,and the optimum cultivation model was established. The results showed that in the medium formula mainly composing sawdust and cotton seed hulls,when the adding proportion of excipient was constant and the adding proportion of sawdust was 40%,it could have no effect on yield and commodity and obviously improve the cultivation benefit. The optimum cultivation model for Ganoderma lucidum in new simplified cultivation greenhouse was fungus sack with girdling and fungus wall with soil filling. It could maintain and stabilize the moisture in medium formula and environment humidity inside greenhouse furthest. It could obtain high yield,good quality and high benefit. The biological efficiency could reach to over 13. 5% of previous two flushes fruiting（ drying）. The results could provide a technical basis for high yield and high quality cultivation technology for Ganoderma lucidum in Western arid area.