自由之思与庄子哲学的出发点

The Thinking of Freedom and the Starting Point of Zhuangzi's Philosophy

对于孔子的仁道的反思,构成庄子哲学的基本背景。不同于西周王制将人界定为礼乐的存在,孔子将人之所以为人者界定为仁,着眼于通过学习过程而达到伦常秩序。庄子在肯定伦常秩序的前提下,提供了不同于仁道的新的切入点,这就是自由问题。自由问题构成庄子哲学的出发点与目的地,而《逍遥游》作为内篇之冠,则是庄子处理自由问题的"大文本"。

The reflection of Confucius＇ Way of Humanity constitutes the basic background of Zhuangzi＇s philosophy.Different from the King＇system of Western Zhou Dynasty in which human being is defined as the existence of rituals,Confucius regard human being as benevolence,by focusing on learning through the process to achieve the ethical order.Under the premise of affirming the ethical order,Zhuangzi put forward a new approach.Namely,the problem of freedom constitutes both the starting point and the destination of Zhuangzi＇s philosophy.As the genesis of the inner chapters,A Happy Excursion（＂Xiao yao you＂）is＂the big text＂by which Zhuangzi deal with the issue of freedom.