最低工资与买方垄断劳动市场的持续存在——江浙沪最低工资线的就业效果比较

The Minimum Wage and the Existence of Monopsony in the Labor Market The Employment Effect of Minimum Wages on Workers:A Case Study of the Yangtze River Delta Region

分析发展中国家在经济发展过程中,面对劳动力市场存在的持续性买方垄断行为,通过提升最低工资来持续性促进就业的特征,并以江浙沪的数据进行实证分析。研究发现:江浙沪的劳动力市场存在持续性买方垄断,但三地最低工资的就业效果不同;上海和浙江最低工资相对于城镇劳动者人均可支配收入偏低,最低工资上升对就业有促进作用,而江苏最低工资相对于城镇劳动者人均可支配收入偏高,最低工资上升对就业有抑制作用;上海和浙江相比,上海最低工资提升所能带动的就业量大于浙江;最低工资上升主要影响小型企业和民营企业。

Based on the model of monopsony,this article explores the effect of minimum wages on labor in the developing countries in which the economy is developing rapidly. We take the Yangtze River Delta region as an example to analyze the employment effect of minimum wages on workers. The empirical study of statistical data from China Industry Business Performance Data demonstrates that the increase of minimum wages could contribute to employment of workers in Shanghai and Zhejiang where there is a lower ratio of the minimum wage to the urban average wages,but hinders the employment of workers in Jiangsu where there is a higher ratio of minimum wages to the urban average wages. We also find that the increase of minimum wages in Shanghai could create more jobs than in Zhejiang. In addition,the rise in the minimum wage has a major impact on small businesses and private enterprises.