保险补偿机制在损害赔偿法中之地位及影响——以多维视角的分析为基础

The Status and Influence of Insurance Compensation Mechanism in Damage Law: Based on Multidimensional Perspective Analysis

损害赔偿法历经时代的变迁,已从单一的处理模式发展至事故的多元化处理机制。保险制度作为"后来者"在这一系统中居于何等地位、如何与其他事故处理机制和谐共存是关系受害人权益保护的重大课题。从债的发生视角观之,保险为约定、原始、独立的损害赔偿之债;从损害赔偿法的内部结构观之,保险制度与其他民事责任制度相互推展;从理论层面观之,保险补偿制度与其他民事责任制度的融合共生有其理论与制度上的空间。纵观损害赔偿法,保险补偿机制所倡导的优先保护受害人之理念及其所引领的补偿集体化之趋势,势必使保险补偿机制在未来雄踞整个损害赔偿法。

The damages law has changed from a single processing mode to a diversified processing mechanism of accidents. What is the status of insurance system as a ＂ successor＂ and how to coexist with other accident handling mechanism are major issues related to the protection of victims＇ rights. From the point of view of the occurrence of debt, insurance is the agreed, primitive and independent damage debt. From the internal structure of the damage law, the insurance system and other civil liability system promote each other. From the theoretical level, the insurance compensation system mixes other civil liability system together, which has its theoretical and institutional space. Throughout the damage compensation law, the concept of priority victim protection advocated by the insurance com-pensation mechanism and the collective trend of compensation led by the insurance will inevitably lead the insurance compensation mechanism to dominate the entire damage law in the future.