中国省域财政科技支出的动态效率评价

The Evaluation of the Dynamic Efficiency of the Financial Expenditure on Science and Technology in China's Provinces

随着国家对科技进步与发展的日益重视,我国财政科技支出中存在的投入不足、效率不高等问题日益凸显,如何改善以及提高财政科技支出的效率成为当前的研究热点之一。文章通过总结梳理相关文献的研究,并在此基础上进行了部分改进,同时考虑数据的可获得性,采用1995年-2012年18年31个省级面板数据实证检验了财政科技支出传导机制的有效性,并使用DEA方法和Malmquist生产率指数对财政科技支出的效率进行全面核算,通过对比研究发现问题,以此提出针对性的建议。研究表明,我国财政科技支出效率低下主要是由纯技术效率偏低引起的。从区域来看,东部地区效率普遍高于中西部。全要素生产率指数整体呈现增长趋势,但是增速缓慢。

Along with the growing importance attached to the scientific and technological progress and development in China,the problems of the insufficient investment and low efficiency have been increasingly prominent in the financial expenditure on science and technology.How to improve the efficiency is becoming a hot topic now.Summarizing the revelent researches,making partial improvements,and considering the data availability,this paper empirically examines the effectiveness of the transmission mechanism of the financial expenditure on science and technology using the thirty-one provincial panel data from 1995-2012,and calculates comprehensively the efficiency using the method of DEA and malmquist productivity index.It finds the problems through the comparative studies,and puts forward the pertinent suggestions.The results show that the low pure technical efficiency causes the low efficiency of the financial expenditure on science and technology.From a regional view,the efficiency in the eastern region is higher than in the central and western regions.The malmquist productivity index shows a growth trend,but the growth is slow.