论马克思“新唯物主义”的特征

On the Characteristics of Marx's “New Materialism”

通过批判旧唯物主义的缺陷,马克思阐述了自己的哲学新观点,并称之为"新唯物主义"。新唯物主义具有不同于旧唯物主义的显著特征:新唯物主义以现实的人及其赖以生存的物质世界为对象,以"人类社会或社会的人类"为立脚点,以实践为导向,主张通过人的感性活动——实践来认识世界、解释世界、改造世界,改变与人对立的自然环境,改变人的那种无知、无能和无独立性的状态,以实现人的全面自由发展。

Through the criticism of the old materialism,Marx founded and developed his own philosophy,and called it ＂new materialism＂ which has the remarkable characteristics different from the old materialism.New materialism takes realistic human and the material world they live in as the object,takes＂human society or human of the society＂as the foothold,takes practice as the guide,and advocates to understand the world,explain the world,change the world through human perceptual activities,i.e.practice,to change the natural environment opposite to the human beings,and to change the human state of ignorance,incompetence and nonindependence to realize the human overall and free development.