基于AHP的唐山市中心城区应急避难场所评价

Study on the evaluation of the emergency shelters of Tangshan downtown by AHP

应急避难场所建设是应对突发灾难的重要环节。以唐山市中心城区八处应急避难场所为研究对象,方法上运用了层次分析综合评价法;在技术手段上,专家打分与Arcgis技术相结合,提高了赋分的精准度,减弱主观因素对评价结果的影响。评价结果表明,唐山一中、火车站人防工事整体应急避难能力较强;地震遗址、开平公园、开平文化广场应急能力亟待提升;地震遗址公园应加强帐篷的储备;开平区加强老旧社区改造,保障路网畅通;凤凰山公园、九河公园、开平文化广场可适当选取其他绿地、院校作为避难场所的有益补充;此外,要加强应急避难场所宣传教育。

Emergent shelters play an important role in dealing with emergencies.In this paper,eight emergent shelters in downtown of Tangshan city were taken as the object,and several methods of analysis hierarchy process（AHP）comprehensive evaluation methods,expert estimation,and arcgis technique were taken advantage to improve the accuracy of estimation and weaken the subjective impact on evaluation of results.It is concluded that several measures should be suggested that among all the buildings having been evaluated in this paper as following that the No.1 middle school and the rainway station have the highest capacity for emergencies.It should be improved for the Earthquake Relics,Kai Ping park,and Kai Ping Cultural square.Emergent Shelting tents should be well prepared for the Earthquake Relics par.The old communities in Kaiping district should be reconstructed and their transportation should be improved as well.Greenbelt around Mountain Phonix,Jiu He river and Kai Ping cultural park may be expanded for emergent shelters as good backups.