威海市里口山不同烧死木清理方式对人工促进植被天然更新的研究

Study of vegetation restoration and clean-up in burnt areas of mountain Likou in Weihai city

以威海市里口山林火迹地为例,对该地区林火迹地不同烧死木清理方式下植被恢复情况进行调查研究,同时分析火干扰后群落乔木树种变化情况、火干扰对木本植物幼苗更新的影响、火干扰后灌草群落植被恢复及物种多样性。其结果表明,在重度过火区域,与烧死木伐处搬走和不清理相比,对烧死木进行伐倒截断处理乔木群体密度分别提高63.6%和38.5%以上,灌木和草本的物种多样性指数明显提高;在直播造林前,采取烧死木伐倒截断处理方式比烧死木伐处搬走和不清理措施,刺槐平均存活率分别提高20%和8.5%,臭椿平均存活率分别提高4%和3.3%;直播造林初期(前3年),臭椿在烧死木伐倒截断处理下的树高、根径生长效果最好,而刺槐在烧死木不清理处理下树高、根径生长效果最好。在火烧迹地天然更新初期,定株措施有利于自然萌发主要乔木树种麻栎、刺槐、臭椿的生长,且定株2次的生长效果最好。

This paper conducted a comparative study on community structure in burned areas of Mountain Likou in Weihai City. In the severely overfired areas, the density of arbor community of cuttings was 63.6% and 38.5% higher than that of removaling and control, and the species diversity of the shrubs and herbs was significantly higher; The average survival rate of Jobinia pseudoacacia increased by 20% and 8.5% respectively, and the average survival rate of Ailanthus altissima increased by 4% and 3.3%, respectively, compared with that of the removalings and control, beforedirect seeding afforestation. The tree height and ground diameter of Ailanthus altissima were the highestunder cuttings in the initial three years of direct -afforestation, while the Robinia pseudoacaciahad the highest growth rate in control.In the first three years of the natural regeneration of the burned area, thefield plantingmeasures were favorable to the growth of the main tree species Quercus acutissima, Robinia pseudoacacia and Ailanthus altissima, and the growth effect of the second plantation was the best.