社会网络视角下县域旅游扶贫效率评价与分析——基于湖南省数据

Efficiency of County Tourism in Poverty Alleviation in Hunan Province from the Perspective of Social Network

基于旅游扶贫的效率优化和提高,选取湖南省20个国家级贫困县为研究对象,采用旅游收入与旅游人次作为双重指标,利用DEA模型测度20个贫困县5年来的旅游扶贫效率和分解效率,同时运用社会网络分析法测度空间上的网络联系和网络结构。得出结论:(1)2011—2015年湖南省20个贫困县的整体旅游扶贫效率处于中等水平,旅游扶贫的技术效率在扶贫成效方面贡献较大;(2)核心-边缘模型中,核心层的县市旅游扶贫技术效率值一般为相对有效,边缘层的县市多数表现非有效;(3)程度中心度与中间中心度较高的县市旅游扶贫的技术效率更高;(4)忽略特殊情况,结构洞规模和效率性较高的县市旅游扶贫的技术效率、规模效率均相对较高。

Based on the efficiency optimization of poverty alleviation through tourism,this paper selected20 state-level poverty-stricken counties in Hunan Province as the research object,and measured with DEA model their efficiency in poverty alleviation through tourism and decomposition efficiency of five years by using the dual index of tourism income and number of tourists.Meanwhile,social network analysis method was applied to evaluate the space network structure and connection.It reached the following conclusions.First,from 2011 to2015,the overall efficiency in poverty alleviation through tourism of the 20 counties of Hunan Province was at the medium level,and the technical efficiency of tourism contributed the most to poverty alleviation; Second,in the core-edge model,technical efficiency value of counties and cities at the core layer was relatively effective in poverty alleviation through tourism,and that of the counties and cities in the edge layer was not so effective;Third,the technical efficiency of poverty alleviation through tourism is relatively higher in counties with highdegree centrality and betweenness centrality; Fourth,if the special cases are ignored,the technical efficiency and scale efficiency of poverty alleviation through tourism are relatively high in places with high structural hole size and efficiency.