试析《史记》王道政治追求及其现代价值

Virtuous Governance and Its Practical Significance Embodied in Historical Records

作为研究中华文明和文化早期发展的珍贵史料,在政治伦理化的古代中国,《史记》带有强烈的政治色彩,体现出司马迁对孔孟儒学的继承与发展及其"王道"政治追求。王道即以仁、德等道德原则指导下的治理,其核心是仁政、礼治及民本,具体体现为修己齐家、内圣外王的伦理政治理路;重德治,行仁政,安天下的政治治理模式;君圣臣贤、人心向背定成败的统治思想;关注社会历史和现实民众利益的民本意识。其倡导的仁政、人性、民本等认识和对政治终极目标的追求对当代中国政治发展具有一定的现实借鉴意义。

Historical Records,a valuable masterpiece for studying Chinese civilization and cultural advancement in the early days,is of great political significance in ancient China with ethicized politics. The Records embodies that its author,Sima Qian,inherited and developed the Confucianism and he politically sought to a virtuous governance. This approach of governance,under the guidance of moral principles like benevolence and virtues,advocates the implementation of benevolent policies,rites-based administration and people-centered thought. The governance finds its expressions in the ethicized political approach stating that gentleman should dedicate in self-promotion,family harmony social wellbeing; the political governing model stressing that peace and harmony lies in virtuous ruling and benevolent policies; the governing thought upholding that loyal officials and sage rulers should work together and a successful ruling relies on public support; the people-centered belief reviewing past experience,current situation as well as the interests of people. The approach of governance also is of practical significance in the course of seeking political advancement in contemporary China,for the belief it promotes including benevolence,humaneness and people-centered thought,as well as the pursuit to the ultimate political goal.